Failure Of Pakistan As An Effective Ally Of North Atlantic...

This essay aims to explain the failure of Pakistan as an effective ally of North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the fight against the Taliban/ Al Qaeda. This essay is broken into three parts in order to better understand the fight against the Taliban/ Al Qaeda. In the first part, we look at the formation of the Taliban/ Al Qaeda in the region followed by its relationship with Pakistan and finally the post 9/11 situations in the region. It also looks to study the Pakistan – United States and Pakistan – India relationship. As mentioned by Riedel (2008, pp 32-36), the jihadist terrorist movement gained momentum during the Soviet occupation of Afghanistan in the 1980’s. During this period, Pakistan was a key to victory in overcoming†¦show more content†¦Wander (2008) provides a very good historical timeline of Al Qaeda in his article, in this we are able to trace the formation of Al Qaeda to the year 1988 when they immediately carried out their first terrorist act Aden in December 1992 followed by the United States in February 1993. With the help of Pakistan, the Taliban were successful in gaining control of a majority of Afghanistan though the Taliban proved to be a difficult ally for Pakistan as they continued providing a safe haven for Islamist radicals including Al Qaeda. In the wake of 9/11, Pakistan was coerced by the Bush administration to pick either the U.S. or Taliban. To which Pakistan formally pledged alliance to the U.S. though this was not driven by a change of stand on Taliban but rather on the believe that if Pakistan failed to stand by the U.S. then it would push to U.S. to seek closer relations with India which Pakistan feels to be a threat to its fight in Kashmir (Katz n.d.). In an article by D’Souza (2006, pp.528) notes how Pakistan went from one of the three countries that recognised Taliban leadership in Afghanistan to a complete reversal post 9/11. Though the Taliban had taken over Afghanistan, their rule was short lived due to Al Qaeda aggression in the U.S., this had turned Pakist an plans of having Afghanistan as a safe heaven ruined. Pakistan is a unique in the way that it is not only a

‘Stand Up Tall’ by Dizzee Rascal Evaluation Report Free Essays

There are several features to our production which were included based on research in past examples. To try and create authenticity with our production became one of the aims because of he style of research done and its extensiveness on past examples. One key feature was the speed of the edited scenes. We will write a custom essay sample on ‘Stand Up Tall’ by Dizzee Rascal Evaluation Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now Researched examples always included a fast paced style and this was incorporated. This not only meant scenes of shorter but it increased the length of times given to develop the story. The increased number of scenes due to the nature of the music led to a development in the story which could be told to make up this number and to make up the duration of the track. One of the key strengths of our production I feel is the way in which it closely relates to its genre. With the speed of editing, the urban locations chosen and the ethnicity of the characters involved, it was a very genre specific video. One weakness however I feel is the lack of varying camera angles. Close ups were used a large percentage of the time. Understandably, due to the videos narrative nature and the fact that there are no scenes which involve speech embedded in our video, or cut-scenes, it is difficult to correctly convey feelings or reactions without needing to focus on a characters expression. However, there are more ways to do this. High angle shots can signify authority and low angle shots the adverse. Establishing shots could be used to set a whole scene to the audience. If we were given the chance to do it again, I would greatly vary the amount of types of shots used. It is important to add variety to the style of camera work to increase the size of the parameters for creativity, which is what the narrative style of our video did indirectly. An example in our video where more camera angles could have been incorporated is the scene which shows the phone call between Tariq, the main character, and his pregnant ex-girlfriend. Although the camera work here is good and it conveys successfully the message it wants to, it doesn’t vary in camera angle between the two characters. It tends to stay with medium close ups. In a video I analysed called ‘Stand Up Tall’ by Dizzee Rascal, the artist is in a majority of the shots but is seen from different angles such as over the shoulder, long shot, medium close ups and close ups. I think our group could have worked better as a team. The main flaw was our inability to meet up, discuss ideas and become all aware as to which stage of production we are at. We at times thought different things were occurring and we didn’t all pull in the same direction until towards the end of production when editing. These are the sessions where we worked well as a group. When editing, we looked at the production and any idea brought up by one of our group members were considered. This process happened several times and this ensured us that we were all happy with the final production. Another disappointing thing about our group was the lack of met deadlines. However, this directly came as a consequence as a lack of deadlines set. Although the work was shared between the group, it was very disorganised as to when it should be done. It was very difficult for this reason to know whether we were ahead or behind schedule with the only dates determined was the final deadline for all work. Although I have no first hand experience as to how a real film production team works, I assume due to the scale of their work and the time they spend on it that they would be much more organised than we were. I feel a real film production team would make a priority a schedule to refer back to as to what should be done before a certain stage but we failed to do this. BBFC’s film classifications detail parameters to meet a certain certificate. We wanted our production to be available for viewing pre-watershed and this meant it could not involve any swearing, scenes of nudity or scene of extreme violence. Our production met these criteria. I had decided to show ten members of our audience a screening of our music video in an attempt to establish how these members would appreciate its qualities and informs us of some flaws. I was happy with many of the responses because they were intelligent answers. I decided to outline nine features of our work and asked then on the questionnaire to circle one of the words excellent, good, satisfactory, disappointing and poor. And then there was a tenth open ended question asking them to detail how well they felt it went with the genre of music. The results of this investigation were positive. According to our results, our camera work and mise-en-scene features were very good. This could be down to the emphasis this took when deciding to produce a narrative music video with the absence of speech. The quality of our editing was though of well also. This could be down to the way we each combed through thr music video when editing and discussed ideas thoroughly during the editing process. However, one thing which disappointed was the lighting. It was at times unclear as to what was happening due to the poor lighting at times. The responses to the open ended question at the end of the production was positive. The most mentioned feature which related it to past examples was the use of scenes, synchronised which changes in the beat of the music and mentioned to speed of the editing. The synchronization of the beat to scenes was apparent in the very beginning when the door closes as the heavy beat drops in the music. And the fast paced editing came about as the research into previous examples showed us that it was important to music and music videos of this genre. How to cite ‘Stand Up Tall’ by Dizzee Rascal Evaluation Report, Papers

Balance and Blended Change Management †Free Samples to Samples

Question: Discuss about the Balance and Blended Change Management. Answer: Introduction: The primary reason why ICT wanted to adopt the new EPR system was to enhance the efficiency of its operations. This efficiency was to encompass both production activities and information access by its employees in various departments such as finance, sales, and production. Before this integrations, the information was disintegrated accessing it was very exhausting. Therefore, this scattering of information is what prompted the adaptation of EPR. The EPR system contains a set of core business applications entailing finance, production, distribution and human resource all integrated together. According to IGT, this move was undertaken purely for business basis and not to cope with technology. Therefore, the key goals they wanted to achieve with this decision was to have in place a cohesive information technology set-up that would permit their growth. Additionally, just like many other large-scale manufacturers, the wanted a system which would have smooth integration of information. Thi s system enabled the company to monitor all of their departments and enhanced the linking of the main company to its subordinate branches. In summary, the companys primary goal while embracing this new system was to improve efficiency and effectiveness of its various operations. This ranges from production to customers order processing. The pros and cons to customizing the system When adopting a new structure, the management should consider how the system fits the organizations operations. This is the element of complementary; this new system should adequately address the film's requirement. The decision made by IGT to implement SAP displays good coordination and efficient planning among the management because this system had the capabilities of being customized. However, customization has its advantages and disadvantages. The main advantage of customizing the system is that you can set the system to fit into your demands. This eradicates the possibilities of outsourcing or using disintegrated systems. Therefore, when you customize a system, it fits perfectly into your organizations needs. This is what IGT did; they aligned the system to serve their operations. However, there are disadvantages of customizing. First, you must have the technical skills to execute this activity. Furthermore, you must enter all of your firms information and specifics into the sys tem which is not an easy process. IGT had to assemble a team of individuals from its order group and engineering department to overcome this problem. The team was had to customize the system to handle the complex activities of the company. Therefore, successful customizing of a system requires the involvement of people from different sector within a firm. The operation is tedious and time-consuming. However, it is very vital to align the system to adequately address organization needs since it improves the efficiency of operations. How should IGT handle change management during ERP implementation? According to Reiss (2012, p.3), there are three formal features which describe the nature of change. These features are complexity, omnipresence, and prominence. Therefore, when managing change, the management should be aware of these key features. There are several issues that IGT should handle during the change management process. The most vital thing that the company executives should acknowledge is that managing change in a collaborative activity and requires participation from all the companys stakeholders. This includes even the workers and the customers. Firstly, they should ensure that they train all the employees on this new prospect. This will make their employees be conversant with the new systems requirement and adjust accordingly. Training, in this case, entails how to use the new structure and elaborating on its importance. Customers play a vital role in the way a company handles its operations. Therefore, IGT should enlighten their clients on this new development. For example, the clients should be made aware of the reduction in the number of days for processing rush orders to four weeks from seven. This will enable them to adapt effectively to this new approach. Finally, the management should ensure that they incorporate positive attitude in their workers and clients to improve the acceptability of this new system. Reference List Reiss, M., 2012. Change Management: A Balance and Blended Approach. S.l.:BoD Books on Demand.

Sport Psychology- Self Confidence In Sport Activity free essay sample

Essay, Research Paper Laura Ann Giraldi Sports in Society Sports Psychology: Self # 8212 ; Confidence in Sport Activity November 21, 1996 ( 1 ) Sports Psychology is one of the most up and approaching scientific disciplines of the present clip. This pattern focuses on developing jocks to utilize their mental capacities along with their physical endowment to make what is known as peak public presentation. We will write a custom essay sample on Sport Psychology- Self Confidence In Sport Activity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Sports Psychologists analyze the public presentation of jocks and use motivational, cognitive, and behavioural rules to learn them peak public presentation degrees. Sixty to ninety per centum of success in athleticss is due to mental factors and psychological command. Feeling the importance of mental preparation in recent old ages, scientists have developed mental preparation plans. These plans all vary in technique, nevertheless, they all include accomplishments focused on get the hanging the art of assurance. There are considerable sums of grounds in athleticss literature that there is a direct correlativity between assurance and peak public presentation. Assurance exists in all walks of life. It is defined as: the strong relationships between a individual? s ideas, feelings, and behaviour which if motivated right can assist an single excel with assurance in anything they try to make. Most of the clip assurance is viewed in conformity with how good an jock performs at a certain athletics activity. To analyze this farther 1 must look at how an athlete prepares themselves before the undertaking in order to understand how their assurance reigns so high when it comes clip for them to really vie. An jock must swear what enables them to construct their assurance. ( 2 ) To get down, an athlete demands to cognize themselves and what their restrictions are. Through personal experience an jock will cognize what they are capable of making, and besides what challenges them. From such personal experiences an jock can remember past success every bit good as past failures. Therefore, an jock must endeavor off that cognition of past success to reassure themselves that they have done it one time, and that they can make it once more. All is easier said so done. Constructing assurance can be one of the hardest things an jock has to make. This involves a great trade of mental consciousness and self-denial. For it could take merely one negative experience to destruct an jock # 8217 ; s self-importance. This is when the procedure of filtrating comes into drama. Filtering involves utilizing negative experience in a positive manner. More specifically an jock must look at such experiences carefully and larn from them. They must non concentrate on the bad, but how it can assist them in the hereafter. For illustration, a hoops participant who missed a foul shooting that could hold won the game must non see the experience as I am a also-ran ; he must state? My foul hiting needs a small help. ? In bend, this jock should take a small clip before and after pattern to bore this technique. By making this he is non concentrating on the negative he is constructing towards a positive. This technique is really of import to the joc k who is looking to endeavor for peak public presentation. For an jock who dwells on the negative facets ( 3 ) of their public presentation will neer appreciate or stress their positive facets. This in the long tally will non let them to develop to their full potency. A 2nd technique in deriving assurance is a accomplishment called self-talk. This is so a accomplishment. This should be done when the jock is passing quiet clip with themselves. This is the clip when an jock must throw out all modest inclinations and falsities. This is a clip when the jock must be compl etely honorable with themselves and their public presentation. This is besides the clip when the jock must let themselves to be their ain best friend. These self-talks should be really elaborate and taken earnestly. They should include statements about past success, difficult work, squad coherence, uniqueness, endowment, endurance, continuity, and finding. This list may change greatly, nevertheless it is these positive supports that make all the difference. Self-talk is besides a clip when an jock may reflect on regards he has received and success up to this point. This technique is every bit of import as any in the route toward peak public presentation. A 3rd technique in deriving assurance is imagery. Imagination if done decently does construct assurance. Imagery or mental dry run is the procedure of making mental images of yourself executing at optimum degrees. Assurance additions because you avoid brooding on the yesteryear, where you could happen experiences of failure. Assurance is farther enhanced when you maintain concentrate in ( 4 ) the present clip instead than allowing your imaginativeness impetus into the hereafter, where the possibilities for failure or hurt can be. Simply, an jock # 8217 ; s assurance is enhanced because they see themselves accomplishing the end the learn what it looks like, feels like, sounds like, or even odors like. Therefore, the state of affairs becomes familiar to them and they feel it belongs to them ensuing in a feeling of success. An excess spot of assurance like that can transport an jock through about anything, and they can experience as if they can make things that may hold seemed impossible. This technique is considered by many athleticss psychologists to be one of the greatest tools helping jocks with assurance. The above techniques are fundamentally internal and must be done on an single footing. There are nevertheless some external techniques that build assurance. Coachs can pattern many assurance accomplishments with their squad. First, squad coherence Sessionss are a necessity. This is the clip when the squad can larn to move as one. Not merely physically, but mentally every bit good. If they have faith in one another it is inevitable that they will derive religion in themselves. Second, utilizing constructive unfavorable judgment can do the participants feel much better about themselves. Coachs should do suggestions like? Why Don? T you try this, ? alternatively of shouting at the participants and stating, ? you are making it all incorrect! ? Small things as these make all the difference. Third, a manager should do pre-game, mid-game, and post-game ( 5 ) Pep negotiations. This is a important and emotional clip for the participants any negative statements could be damaging. This is the manager # 8217 ; s chance to do the squad feel as if they are on top of the universe regardless of the opposition or the mark. A technique that is most frequently forgotten, and can be utilizes both internally and externally is to hold merriment. If you play as if the mark does non count opportunities are you will experience better about yourself than you of all time have. For it is merely a game, and life is more than the game itself. In decision, assurance as presented here can either do or interrupt an jock. Without assurance in oneself the physical endowment means nil at all. Believing in yourself goes a long manner and it is necessary to last in non merely athletics activity, but in all walks of life. A small assurance goes a long manner. Mentions Cox, Richard H. , Sport Psychology: Concepts and Appllications. Madison: Brown and Benchmark, 1994. Ferguson, Howard E. , The Edge. Clevland: Geting the Edge, 1990. Ryan, Frank. Sports and Psychology. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1981.

Uphill Battle In Congress

Uphill Battle In Congress 1) History of Wish List: WISH stands for Women In the House and Senate. This name is a misnomer because the group only endorses Republicans and is very active in contributing to state gubernatorial and legislative campaigns. Founded in 1992, WISH was created specifically to fund Pro-Choice Republican women. WISH's claim is that their group is the first PAC to exclusively fund Republican women. The model for WISH was taken directly from the powerful Democratic Pro-Choice women's group, EMILY's List. WISH is firm in its stance that it will only contribute to specific candidates and not parties. The WISH List is led by for Congresswoman from New York, Patricia Goldman. Goldman is a long-time Republican and feminist leader. She was Executive Director of the House Wednesday Group, a collection of moderate Republicans, and was an active supporter of the Equal Rights Amendment. WISH is commonly known around Washington as one of the faster growing PAC's in America.House on Hamilton HillBy 19 96, the WISH List was already raising 1 million dollars annually for their chosen candidates. WISH has successfully endorsed candidates like New Jersey governor Cristine Todd Whitman and Texas Senator Kay Bailey Hutchinson. Currently, of the 19 female Congressional Republicans in office, 12 are endorsed and funded by the WISH List.2) WISH List's organizational structure: In 1995 Wish list moved from a small office in New Jersey to the Nations capitol Washington D.C. Today it has a president, an executive director, and a board of directors to run the operation. Candidates must ask WISH List to support them, they don't just offer, and they then send a questionnaire for that person to fill out. This lobby also has review committees that decide whether or not to fund or even endorse a candidate and if the committee is split the whole...

What Mean Means

What Mean Means What Mean Means What Mean Means By Mark Nichol The verb mean, in the senses of â€Å"destine† â€Å"direct,† â€Å"intend,† and â€Å"signify,† is from the Old English phrase mae nan. To say that someone â€Å"means business† signifies that he or she is earnestly serious about something; to say that someone â€Å"means well† means that the person has good intentions. (One is said to be well-meaning when his or her intentions are good; the person’s actions are said to be well-meant.) Mean has multiple adjectival meanings. Used to convey the ideas of â€Å"base† or â€Å"contemptible,† â€Å"petty† or â€Å"stingy,† or â€Å"malicious† or â€Å"troublesome,† it is from the Old English phrase gemae ne, meaning â€Å"common.† It also has the less negative senses of â€Å"ashamed,† â€Å"dull,† and â€Å"humble† and actually has a positive connotation as a slang synonym for â€Å"effective† or â€Å"excellent† in references to having admirable skills, as in â€Å"He plays a mean saxophone.† (This may derive from a confusion with the idiom â€Å"no mean† followed by a noun or noun phrase, as in â€Å"He’s no mean poker player,† where â€Å"no mean† means â€Å"not average† or â€Å"not inferior.) The expression â€Å"lean and mean† likely derives from the notion of aggressive competitiveness. The adverb meanly means â€Å"in a humble, inferior, or ungenerous manner.† The sense of mean as a synonym for â€Å"average,† â€Å"intermediate,† or â€Å"midway† is ultimately from the Latin term medianus (by way of Anglo-French and Middle English), which is also the source of median. (Mesne, borrowed with an alteration in spelling from Anglo-French, means â€Å"intermediate† or â€Å"intervening† but is used only in legal contexts.) As a noun, mean can refer to something intermediate (as in the mathematical sense), something helpful (as in the phrase â€Å"means to an end†), or resources (as in the sense of having the means to accomplish something). Related idioms include â€Å"by all means† (â€Å"certainly†), â€Å"by means of† (â€Å"through the use of†), and â€Å"by no means† (â€Å"not at all†). The synonymic compounds meantime and meanwhile both derive from the â€Å"intermediate† sense of mean, while mean-spirited alludes to the sense of â€Å"petty.† (The slang term meanie, also spelled meany, refers to a person who is cruel; this usage is considered dated, however, and is now used only in a jocular sense.) To demean, meanwhile, is to debase or put down, while meanness can refer to poverty, stinginess, or weakness. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Farther vs. Further"Replacement for" and "replacement of"Forming the Comparative of One-syllable Adjectives

Professional Accountant assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Professional Accountant assignment - Essay Example The method is highly structured, punitive and paternal. The intention of the Act is to ascertain that the process of financial reporting is done effectively. It also seeks to reorient accountants back to ethical ways. Furthermore, the approach focuses on maintaining corporate governance at the top. A principles-based approach is the domain of the UK. The Cadbury report defines the UK’s method of corporate governance. It states that corporate governance is a mechanism for directing and controlling companies (Cadbury, 1992). This document was later followed by others like the Combined Code. In essence, all these reports seek to place corporate governance responsibilities in the hands of company boards. An institution must alter corporate governance issues in accordance with their context. Furthermore, individuals are expected to make their choices known to their shareholders. Therefore, in the rules-based approach, as practiced in the United States, parties answer to external bo dies while in the principles-based approach, institutions answer to their shareholders (Tricker, 2008). While the United Kingdom places the responsibility of oversight on individual firms, the United States has an accounting oversight board which acts independently and ensures compliance. The US even has rules governing how the external auditor needs to behave. Conflict of interest is prohibited while appointment of new auditors is done under strict rules. The manner in which those audit reports are reported is also stipulated in law. Financial reporting is strictly enforced in the rules-based approach. Here, almost all parties have responsibilities under the law. Executive members must ensure accuracy and promptness of financial reports. Managers need to create internal controls for reporting while accountants must act honestly when reporting. Cases of alteration, falsification or concealment of information are all severely punished. In certain respects, punishment may be instituti on-wide. Here companies that do not ascribe to rules laid down by the Securities Exchange Commission will be delisted (SEC, 2003). Conversely in the United Kingdom, after a board has settled on a particular principle, it must comply with it or explain to its shareholders why it has not done so. Usually, the principles selected may emanate from the Cadbury Report, the Combined Code or general governance practice. The main reasoning behind this strategy is that corporate governance is not something to be policed. Instead, it should be done proactively by businesses. This demonstrates faith in organisations and their ability to practice these principles. The most glaring difference between these two systems is that in one punishment is clear. It is handled by specific bodies and the process by which oversight authorities come up with those punishments is well documented. These consequences also happen speedily, especially after non compliance in the US. Conversely, the effects of poor corporate governance are ambiguous in the principles-based approach. It is assumed that exposure of these unhealthy practices would damage the credibility of an organisation and hence its long term viability. Therefore, results may manifest after relatively long periods of time, and may not always be predictable. One key failure in the rules-based system is the tendency to establish very low standards of practice (McNamara & Banff, 2012). In order to ensure that members of the corporate community abide by rules in the US governance system, members have to agree on certain standards. In an effort to obtain consensus, these standards may be too low for concerned

Open source software Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Open source software - Essay Example In today's business world which uses IT for its optimal and non-stop functioning, a database is something which any organization will not run without. Speedy business needs has made database an absolute requirement. As their number increases, so is the competition between them. These all vendors always think about new and innovative ideas to win the market competition. One of these way has been to offer customer an open source software so that if the customers preferences changes they can make necessary amendments This has given rise to a numerous software solution providers or database developers. Does this, supplying open source software,give an indication about future of all database Vendors Do all database vendors will eventually have to open up their source code or go out of business This essay disagrees to this thought and will examine few reasons for it.Those who still believe in supplying closed source software will always own a bigger share of the market as they have been do ing it in the past.In the recent past some companies have searched for a more economic database than to shell out a hefty amount to Database biggies every time they thought of expanding their business limits.There stepped in the open source database software because modifying it to the extended needs just take little.As the volume of business is rising and so does the requirement of software capabilities.Many companies today resort to open source database but merely acquiring an open source doesn't guarantee that whatever changes you make to the database it will always work with finesse. There may be instances of irrecoverable data loss or reduced security. There will be no one to take guarantee to that effect. That's why, industries where there is a requirement of updating the software importantly with the transfer of their past crucial data, they will always look for bigger companies doing this against insured terms. These insured terms are not possible even if you have a complete software development wing in your office. Developing software is a group effort, but modifying the software with keeping existing data intact is a serious group effort. Now days there are so many companies selling open source databases but they are less preferred upwards in size of business. So the open source will of course keep in market and remain in competition with the packed database software but will never be able to beat them. There is also a psychological reason behind this that as someone reaches towards the peak his chances of falling are increasing. The top of the peak is all surrounded by falls so after reaching near to peak no one would like take a cheap and risky step but will always go for a costly but assured step. For example a bank would never use open source software modified by its own organization. There is a related online special article in which Lacy S (2006) has told about Herman's search for database management keeping budgetin mind. "His search took him in an unexpected direction. He's spended a lot of time evaluating databases built around the open-source software that's disseminated and developed freely over the Internet. Sony, like most big companies, has been conservative when it comes to open source. So now Herman and executives like him are the spoils in what's shaping up to be a heated round of database wars. On one side are the defending champions -- Oracle, IBM, and Microsoft -- against a ragtag bunch of coders and some more organized corporate ventures, all going to market in different ways, but all trying to take down the Big Three using the power of open source." This open source trend is rising not only in database softwares but in other fields too. In this regard Valimaki (2005) states in his book - The rise

Principles of Assessment Essay Example for Free

Principles of Assessment Essay Educational assessment is the process of documenting, usually in measurable terms, knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs. Assessment can focus on the individual learner, the learning community (class, workshop, or other organized group of learners), the institution, or the educational system as a whole. According to the Academic Exchange Quarterly: Studies of a theoretical or empirical nature (including case studies, portfolio studies, exploratory, or experimental work) addressing the assessment of learner aptitude and preparation, motivation and learning styles, learning outcomes in achievement and satisfaction in different educational contexts are all welcome, as are studies addressing issues of measurable standards and benchmarks. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Educational_assessment Some of the key concepts of assessment are as follows: * Accountability * Achievement * Assessment Strategies. * Initial, Formative or Summative types Accountability means that I am answerable to my learners and my organisation to ensure that I am performing my role as an assessor correctly. I always let my learners know when they are going to be assessed and how they will meet the criteria. Achievement- I will look at what the learner has achieved while they have been doing the course and compare this with the standards to ensure they have been fully met. Assessment Strategy- I follow my organisations assessment strategy for the subject I am assessing to ensure I am carrying out my role correctly. The assessment strategy I follow for NVQ2 in Cleaning is: * UPK questions * Observations * Progress Review * Supplementary questions * Exit Interview. The qualifications and experience I require are A1 V1 and experience in the cleaning industry. Formal Assessment * Ongoing during a course * It enables progress to be regularly monitored and reviewed * The student can see what they need to develop further before a final assessment * A student can identify gaps in their learning * It shows a student how much they have learnt so far which encourages and motivates them Methods of Formal Assessment. * Tracking Sheet * Observations * Tutorials * Midway Review * Oral Questions Summative Assessment * Usually taken at the end of the course * Usually leads to a pass/fail situation * Tests whether performance criteria have been met Methods of Summative Assessment * Exit Interview * Portfolio Completion * Demonstration * Summative Testing * Evaluation Form â€Å"Summative assessment takes place at the end of a course or topic and is used mainly for certification purposes. It is used to see if a student has learned the material and is capable of going on to further study. † Formative assessment is most suitable where the results are to be used internally for example: Teachers to ensure learning has taken place and for improving methods of instruction and for students to have an idea of their success etc whilst summative assessment can be set by the teacher or by an awarding body/examination body. When making a summative decision I confirm to my learners that they have met the criteria. They may receive a certificate as with NVQ2 or progress further with their training. Summative assessment takes place at the end of a course or topic and is used mainly for certification purposes. Formative assessment, on the other hand, takes place during the course and is useful in telling the student how the learning is proceeding. Reece Walker 2007p323. STRENGTHS WEAKNESSESS Formative Assessment Formative Assessment Role Play Make learners uncomfortable Physical demonstration of ability Embarrassed Not Realistic Summative Assessment Summative Assessment Demonstration Make learners feel uncomfortable Authentic Realistic Valid The assessment practice starts with initial assessment before the course starts. It may happen at pre- entry, entry or induction stage. The initial assessment will inform you about the learner’s prior knowledge, skills, qualifications, learning styles and any support learner may need. When you have found out the current level of ability you can then set goals, plan future learning and assessment. There are different types of initial assessment: Enrolment Form- shows what qualifications the learner has if they have special needs. Interview when you interview the learner you will be able to ask many questions. Skills Scan the skills scan will tell you if the learner is in employment what there job requires and if they will need additional training. Diagnostic Tests will inform you if the learner has difficulty in reading or writing. You may be able to tell if a person has dyslexia as they will have blurred vision, suffer from headaches when reading and they find it easier to read large print. To help them with reading you can print on to coloured paper or have a coloured overlay. 10% of the British population are dyslexic, 4% severely. Dyslexia is identified as a disability as defined in the Disability Discrimination Act 2005. Some of the famous people who suffer from dyslexia are: Albert Einstein Tom Cruise Henry Winkler. Vince Vaughn (British dyslexia Association www. bdadyslexia. org. uk, (11/07/11 I have taught learners who have learning difficulties including deaf people, people who have difficulty in reading and writing and understanding. ILP It states on the ILP what qualifications a learner has, the results of diagnostic tests and if they require additional support, what units they are doing, midway review and exit interview. Learning styles is recognising individuality in your class it is the way in which learners begin to concentrate on and process and retain new and difficult information. There are different types of learning styles: David Kolb’s Converger, Diverger, Assimilator, Accommodator Honey and Mumford’s Having an Experience, Reviewing Experience, Concluding from Experience Planning next steps Fleming Vak/Varks Visual, Auditory, read/write, Kinaesthetic. Wikipedia the free encyclopaedia En. wikipedia. org/wiki/learning styles 11/07/011 Learning style is the way that you absorb information 1 We decode 2 How you store information 3 Recall information Learning style is how we receive and recall information. We can absorb information through our senses, hearing, seeing and doing. In my role I use all of the styles of Fleming. In further education if there is no initial assessment this will disadvantage the learners as they may be placed on the wrong program or course, which will lead to lack of interest and little motivation if any, they may not get additional support and the teacher will have no baseline to assess their progress. Peer and Self Assessment Self or Peer Assessment is a process whereby students or their peers grade assignments or tests based on a teacher’s benchmarks. [1] The practise is employed to save teachers time and improve students understanding of course materials as well as improve their metacognitive skills. Rubrics are often used in conjunction with Self- and Peer-Assessment. [2] http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Self-_and_Peer-Assessment 12/07/11 Peer assessment is when the learners or colleagues assess another learners or colleagues progress. It is used to develop learner’s ability to work as a group and to be critical of others work as well as receiving review and comment. Self assessment is when you assess your own progress. Both methods encourage the learners to make decisions on what they have learnt so far and to reflect on future development. The learners need to know the criteria fully. Advantages Disadvantages Peer Assessment Peer Assessment Can reduce the amount of teacher assessment. All peers need to be involved So planning needs to take place As who gives feedback and to Whom. Learners may accept comments from peers Appropriate conditions and More willingly than from the assessor environment are needed Promotes learner and peer involvement some peers may be anxious, Nervous or have lack of confidence To give feedback. Self Assessment Self Assessment Encourages learners to check Difficult to be objective when Their own progress making a decision Encourages reflection Learners need to fully understand Promotes learner involvement the assessment criteria. And personal responsibilities some learners may lack Confidence in their ability to make Decisions about their own progress What research tells us? * Giving feedback on learning errors and getting the learner to correct them and identify strategies to improve future work is directly linked to significant improvement in achievement rates. (Professor John Hattie, 2002) Assessment should involve both teacher and learners in checking and reflection. Feedback is very important not only to learners but to the teachers from the feedback teachers can decide whether they have to change anything. Feedback and Questioning Feedback is information we give our learners to let them know what they have achieved to date and how they can develop further all learners need to know how they are progressing and what they have achieved. Feedback can be both formative and summative. Formative is ongoing and includes praise and encouragement. Summative is at the end has the learner achieved to specific criteria. Feedback should be a two-way process allowing discussion and questions. Most people need encouragement to tell them how well they have done or how well they are doing when you give feedback you should give praise first then how they can improve then end on a positive note to give them motivation. This is known as the praise sandwich. http://www. google. co. uk/search? q=feedback+sandwichhl=enprmd=ivnsbsource=lnmstbm=ischei=vXQcTsrxHNKwhQepndXdBwsa=Xoi=m 12/07/11 The advantages of giving feedback are: Confirms achievement, success or otherwise Creates opportunities for explaining and discussion Highlights progress rather than failure. Helps improve confidence and motivation Identifies further learning opportunities or any action required. Feedback should be given as soon as possible after the assessment while the information is still fresh. Questioning can be used formally and informally as part of the feedback to ensure the learner understands what has been said. My response should question appropriate questioning skills so the feedback is effective to the learner. Questioning skills include: * Using open questions (usually beginning with who, what, when, where, why and how). * Using closed questions (only requiring a yes or no answer). * Clarifying (for example can you go over that again? ). * Probing (for example why was that? ) * Prompting (for example what about†¦? ) Feedback should were possible be positive negative feedback presents learners with difficult and unachievable targets or naming and making learners embarrassed in the classroom. You should never criticise always praise and if the teacher makes a mistake he/she should be honest and apologise. Record Keeping Accurate records that are taken through out a course enable the teacher and learner to continually assess the effectiveness of the teacher/learner relationship. Records indicate whether pupils are learning what they are being taught and their progression with the course, records can tell you which learners may need a little more help, and whether a teacher needs to refine any aspects of their teaching. Maintaining attendance records can give an idea of where learners may fall behind through their learning. Being able to identify learners attendance can indicate problems which may benefit from referral to other professional bodies, or a learner may be unhappy with the teaching style or the course they have chosen. As well as a register a tracking sheet of all learners names, forming columns starting with a date, the assessment and a column for a pass or refer, in cleaning you are competent or not yet competent. These tracking sheets are recorded and form part of the learner’s portfolio along with any practical tasks and also a guide for the learners to follow through their course. When learners begin their course its good for them to have their own individual learning plan as a teacher its good to have our own individual teaching plan. A session plan should relate to the scheme of work, it helps to record your aims and objectives, assessment activities and self evaluation. It can also help to assess your learners. As a teacher my responsibility is to teach and guide and assess my learners. Records can be used as a guide for learners focusing on their learning strengths and weaknesses, where they do well or could do better. There are organisational records and external records. Organisational records: * Enrolment form * ILP * Learners record of achievement * Peer group feedback * Tutor feedback * Incident report * Observation records. * Contact Logs The types of records I use are: * Enrolment form * ILP * Learners record of achievement * Observation records * Contact Logs â€Å"You need to keep records of how your learners are progressing. If you mark a test or observe a task, how can you prove your learner has achieved something if they lose their work†? (Gravells 2008p88) JOIN NOW FOR FREE RATIONALE METHODOLOGY Wishing to gain a broad balance to my teaching experience, I started working as an assessor at Swan Training Group. The following assignment will cover the following areas: Negotiating with learners Inclusive learning. Integrating Functional skills Communication I have researched all of the above and this written assignment will be a short overview of the main areas using examples from both research and personal experience. Negotiating with learners is a form of communication where cooperation is established so that the learner and tutor agree on the learner’s goals; negotiation is the process of two individuals or groups reaching a joint agreement. When you have got all the information via initial assessment at the start of the course it is important to agree on goals and actions based on the information. The learner should be encouraged through negotiation to take control and responsibility for their own learning by contributing in discussions and decisions about their learning and how this will develop. Also in initial assessment you can include tests for literacy and numeracy to see what level learner is at and if they will require additional help. In my specialist area I integrate functional skills as the learners need to use literacy and numeracy to read labels and dilute chemicals, complete upk questions, order supplies, complete holiday sheets. Inclusive learning is described as recognising, accommodating and meeting the learner’s needs of all of the students and supporting them in the learning environment. All learners are allowed to take part in their chosen subject and should be placed in the best possible environment regardless of their gender, race, ethnic origin, religion, disability, sexual orientation and age. Communication is very important and we not only communicate by speaking we communicate through our eyes, gestures and body language. There are also many barriers to communication such as: Family Commitments Lack of Resources Lack of Support. Peer Pressure Emotional Disability and many more. To overcome these barriers you must be honest with the learners if you do not know something you should tell them you will find out, be positive and enthusiastic, communicate effectively and give constructive and positive feedback. I am learner centred as I pay attention to what the learner is learning, how they are learning, whether the student is retaining and applying the learning. I like to teach this way so all of the learners can participate and differences between learners are accommodated so that all in the group have the best possible chance of learning.

Inventing a Writing Technology Essay -- Literature Techniques Papers

Inventing a Writing Technology At first glance, inventing a new writing technology seems like an easy task. The pencil is a writing technology, and what’s so complicated about it? It appears to be a fairly primitive writing utensil. Certainly, I can conjure up something that reasonably fits the description of a â€Å"new writing technology.† But looking a little more deeply, I have to consider that the basic concept of the pencil has lasted for centuries – it apparently serves its purpose extremely well. And, in reality, in 2004, there are hundreds of companies who, in turn, employ thousands whose specific purpose is to design and produce these seemingly simple hand-held writing devices. It’s beginning to sound a little more complicated. Lastly, a pencil has an inherent efficiency and portability that is hard to beat. Within the structure of my given assignment, I don’t think I can invent the â€Å"next pencil†, but the following describes my best attempt at inven ting a new writing technology, and some reflections on the relationship between writing and technology: Inventing and Writing To generate a focus for this project, I mentally brainstormed ideas and progressed from â€Å"natural† materials (grass, twigs) to various household materials (Diet Coke labels, pipe cleaners, foil), until I started going through my closets and hit upon the concept of utilizing board games in some way. Since we needed to use an alphabet, but no writing materials, most games were eliminated – they use paper cards or symbolic â€Å"pieces.† Scrabble seemed perfect since it has a movable alphabet – small wooden â€Å"tiles† with letters imprinted on them. And besides, it’s my favorite childhood game, probably since I could win when I played again... ...nne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 35-53. Eisenstein, Elizabeth. â€Å"Some Features of Print Culture.† 1983. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 124-134. National Scrabble Association. â€Å"History of Scrabble.† 2 July 2004 . Ong, Walter. â€Å"Writing is a Technology that Restructures Thought.† 1985. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 315-337. Plato. â€Å"Phaedrus.† Trans. H. N. Fowler, 1914. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Ann Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 360-364. Tribble, Evelyn B. and Trubek, Ann. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. New York: Longman, 2003 Inventing a Writing Technology Essay -- Literature Techniques Papers Inventing a Writing Technology At first glance, inventing a new writing technology seems like an easy task. The pencil is a writing technology, and what’s so complicated about it? It appears to be a fairly primitive writing utensil. Certainly, I can conjure up something that reasonably fits the description of a â€Å"new writing technology.† But looking a little more deeply, I have to consider that the basic concept of the pencil has lasted for centuries – it apparently serves its purpose extremely well. And, in reality, in 2004, there are hundreds of companies who, in turn, employ thousands whose specific purpose is to design and produce these seemingly simple hand-held writing devices. It’s beginning to sound a little more complicated. Lastly, a pencil has an inherent efficiency and portability that is hard to beat. Within the structure of my given assignment, I don’t think I can invent the â€Å"next pencil†, but the following describes my best attempt at inven ting a new writing technology, and some reflections on the relationship between writing and technology: Inventing and Writing To generate a focus for this project, I mentally brainstormed ideas and progressed from â€Å"natural† materials (grass, twigs) to various household materials (Diet Coke labels, pipe cleaners, foil), until I started going through my closets and hit upon the concept of utilizing board games in some way. Since we needed to use an alphabet, but no writing materials, most games were eliminated – they use paper cards or symbolic â€Å"pieces.† Scrabble seemed perfect since it has a movable alphabet – small wooden â€Å"tiles† with letters imprinted on them. And besides, it’s my favorite childhood game, probably since I could win when I played again... ...nne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 35-53. Eisenstein, Elizabeth. â€Å"Some Features of Print Culture.† 1983. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 124-134. National Scrabble Association. â€Å"History of Scrabble.† 2 July 2004 . Ong, Walter. â€Å"Writing is a Technology that Restructures Thought.† 1985. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Anne Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 315-337. Plato. â€Å"Phaedrus.† Trans. H. N. Fowler, 1914. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. Evelyn B. Tribble and Ann Trubek. New York: Longman, 2003. 360-364. Tribble, Evelyn B. and Trubek, Ann. Writing Material: Readings from Plato to the Digital Age. Ed. New York: Longman, 2003

Ransom

David Anomalous Ransom, a postmodern revitalization of Homer's literary epic, the Iliad not only explores the Inner conflict born In man through the vicious undertaking of a path of revenge, but also the intense hatred sparked by the unbearable loss of loved ones. It is probable to many individuals that redemption is not vindicated until Justice has been achieved.Nevertheless, for many, revenge is the best source of that achievement. Mallow in his own way acknowledges this idea, however, Juxtaposed with the thought of one's ability to transform and change, return back to the primal natures of humanity and overcome the most adverse conditions war unveils, these two Ideas merely Illustrate certain circumstances In the novel and therefore act as Just another part of such a poetic epic.It is often identified that the crux of Ransom is centered around the notion of a mans hatred and burning desire to exact revenge on the individuals producing injustices, however, the book also demonstrate s the ability of an individual to transform and adopt a desired persona that will be reminisced for generations to come. Ransom explores who we are and what It means to have an Identity. As the leader of Troy for many decades, Prima has always viewed himself as a king.However, as age begins to have a stronghold on his life, the death of Hector acts as a perfect catalyst for change. He realizes his need to become a â€Å"father† rather than the â€Å"king† he has accustomed himself to. Mallow uses the Journey as an illustration that although this may seem purely as a search for his son's body, it is also a search for himself, a search to reinvent who he is and how he wishes his legacy will be renowned In the future . This very same idea can also be used In relation to the operation of modern society.Mallow demonstrates to his audience that although at certain times individuals may feel trapped in the identity of something they're not, the ability to change is significan t and ultimately is only possible in the change in ones mindset . Revenge and hatred are part of the book, however the importance of one ability to change is also far too great to be undermined. Ransom has an effect on many readers that It Is purely a story about the fulfillment of ones hatred and the glory of revenge, yet to many others, it Is story hat unveils a lot more. Nee of the key aspects of the novel Is Its ability to exemplify the innate nature of humanity among individuals, regardless of status. Achilles is one of the greatest Greek heroes known to man, however, throughout the novel, Mallow deploys various instances that explicitly expose the true vulnerability of being human. From the very outset of the piece, Achilles appears to be in conversation with the sea, soon clarified to be his mother. Through this meticulous placement, Mallow expresses the mystical aspects of his nature.It Illustrates the notion of a dual self, both mortal and immortal. Subtly, it is a way for the readers to understand that even the individuals who front the most resilience, have softer sides that could inevitably be found out. Likewise, Prima, the king and most powerful individual in Troy also succumbs to the aspects that drive humans. Prima unsuspectingly draws on the notion of humanity when he appeals to Achilles as a father in the hope of receiving his son's body. This very meeting Is Mallow's Indication that we are all the same. He time comes, our final action will always be mirrored due to us simply being human . Revenge and hatred can be seen as a humanly trait, however, for the most art of the book there is no direct correlation , it is rather other parts of humanity that builds the foundation of the novel . Throughout the book, Mallow delves deep into the exploration of revenge and hatred, however, the notion of war's wasteful and consequential brutality is also a significant aspect of the novel.Ransom speculates about what war can and cannot solve, and whether m en are defined by violence as a display of masculinity, power and self-knowledge. This is the very notion that Mallow echoes throughout the novella, continually expressed through the use of his main characters. Achilles believes that amidst all the trauma and anguish brought to the city of Troy, it is necessary to avenge his beloved â€Å"soul-mate and lover†, Patrols.This is the very moment where his life begins to slip out of control, the moment it takes a path that seems unimaginable, a path full of bitterly violence. He begins to vent his built up frustration and inner conflict through not only the killing of Hector, but also the desecration of his body. Through this specific display, Mallow parallels the physical nature of Achilles with what many experience amidst the hostility of war. He illustrates that war simply strips away all the cultural ornamentation with which we surround ourselves and lays bare the human body in its most naked state.Some may find that war is ne cessary for men to express themselves with violence, however to others, it can be portrayed purely as a cowardly and feeble response to what life hands down to them . Revenge and hatred are substantial elements to the considerably widespread thematic novel, however the role of war in modern society is consequently as important, and thus illustrated intensely by Mallow throughout his writing.

Influence of South Africa Essay

It is reported that South Africa has become the third largest iron ore supplier for China through the competition with India, which will have a great influence on China’s mining machinery industry. According to Business Day Live’s report, the iron ore export to China from South Africa was 40.6 million tonnes in 2012, while Indian exports plunged nearly 55% to 33 million tonnes. It is evidently that South Africa managed to increase of its share of iron ore sales to China in the unstable economical situation. The large amount of iron ore’s import into China will inevitably have a great influence on the mining machinery industry no matter in China or in South Africa. DSMAC president Lu Hongbo, commended : â€Å"The increasing contact between China and South Africa is a great power for the two countries’ mining industry development. It is a win-win situation no matter for China or for South Africa.† Analysis of South Africa’s Exporting Iron ore to China On the one hand, it promotes Chinese mining industry’s prosperity. In 2012, due to the world economy slagging, the mining industry encounters the â€Å"cold winter† universally, no exception of China mining industry. However, the increasing importing of iron ore from South Africa is a stimulate in China mining machinery market. Because the preliminary step for iron ore’s utilization is crushing process, in which the crusher plays an important role. On the other hand, it is also a push for Chinese mining machinery’s export into South Africa. For example, DSMAC, a leading China feeding, crushing and screening equipment manufacturer and supplier has opened up Africa market and determined to extend in that area. Until now, DSMAC has the general contracting ability of 1000 to 30000 tpd sand and aggregate production line, including the project design, equipment configuration and installation experience. Early in 2010, DSMAC successfully undertook a large project of 10000 tpd artificial sand making line, which just needed three months and brought profit for customer within half an year. Besides South Africa, Australia remains far and away the biggest exporter of iron ore to China. Analysts believe 2013 will see Australia and South Africa further increase their share of the global iron ore market. It is obvious that this situation will propel the mining industry’s advancement.

Free Essays on The Killer Angels

The Killer Angels Michael Shaara’s The Killer Angels tells the amazing story of the Battle of Gettysburg. On July 1, 1863, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Union Army of the Potomac fought the largest battle of the American Civil War. The battle left 51,000 men dead, wounded, or missing. The characters first introduced include General Robert E. Lee, commander of the Confederate army; General James Longstreet, Lee's second-in-command; Union Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, and Major General George Meade, commanding general of the Union Army. On June 30, 1863 a spy comes to General Longstreet to inform him that he has seen the Union army moving nearby. Longstreet is surprised by this information because General J.E.B. Stuart has been sent to track the Union army with his cavalry. Longstreet tells General Lee that he thinks the Confederate army should move quickly to the north to intercept the Federals. The Confederates move southeast through the mountains and toward the small town of Gettysburg. Just south of Gettysburg, Union colonel Chamberlain is awaken and discovers that his regiment, the Twentieth Maine, has 120 new members who are mutineers from the Second Maine. Chamberlain gives them a quick speech, asking them to continue to fight, and all but six of the men join freely. General John Buford, leader of the Union cavalry, rides into the town of Gettysburg and encounters Confederate troops in the nearby area. He realizes that the two armies may end up fighting in the town, so he positions his two brigades along the hills of the area. He knows that having high ground is the key to winning the battle. On the morning of July 1, Lee rises to find that Stuart is still nowhere to be found. Without Stuart he has no idea where the Union army is located. He meets with Longstreet, who wants to use defensive tactics to swing southeast and come between the Union army and Washington, D.C. Lee refuses, saying t... Free Essays on The Killer Angels Free Essays on The Killer Angels The Killer Angels Michael Shaara’s The Killer Angels tells the amazing story of the Battle of Gettysburg. On July 1, 1863, the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia and the Union Army of the Potomac fought the largest battle of the American Civil War. The battle left 51,000 men dead, wounded, or missing. The characters first introduced include General Robert E. Lee, commander of the Confederate army; General James Longstreet, Lee's second-in-command; Union Colonel Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain, and Major General George Meade, commanding general of the Union Army. On June 30, 1863 a spy comes to General Longstreet to inform him that he has seen the Union army moving nearby. Longstreet is surprised by this information because General J.E.B. Stuart has been sent to track the Union army with his cavalry. Longstreet tells General Lee that he thinks the Confederate army should move quickly to the north to intercept the Federals. The Confederates move southeast through the mountains and toward the small town of Gettysburg. Just south of Gettysburg, Union colonel Chamberlain is awaken and discovers that his regiment, the Twentieth Maine, has 120 new members who are mutineers from the Second Maine. Chamberlain gives them a quick speech, asking them to continue to fight, and all but six of the men join freely. General John Buford, leader of the Union cavalry, rides into the town of Gettysburg and encounters Confederate troops in the nearby area. He realizes that the two armies may end up fighting in the town, so he positions his two brigades along the hills of the area. He knows that having high ground is the key to winning the battle. On the morning of July 1, Lee rises to find that Stuart is still nowhere to be found. Without Stuart he has no idea where the Union army is located. He meets with Longstreet, who wants to use defensive tactics to swing southeast and come between the Union army and Washington, D.C. Lee refuses, saying t...

Assignment On The Fundamental Rights

Assignment On The Fundamental Rights All democratic constitutions provide for the guarantee of certain rights, which are inviolable and beyond the reach of the state. Rights arise from very social nature of man and which are the external conditions necessary for the greatest possible development of the capacities of the personality. Fundamental Rights are sacro sanct and the supporting pillars of democracy as a form of government and as a way of life. . Democracy and inviolable fundamental rights go together. In this assignment I would like to elaborate the Fundamental Rights under the Constitution of India. Constitutionalism is an achievement of the modern world. The following are the salient features of Indian Constitution. The longest written constitution in the world The idea of popular sovereignty Supremacy of the constitution Provision for Fundamental Rights Provision for Directive Principles of State Policy Provides Parliamentary system of Government Provision for secularism Encouraging Socialistic pattern of so ciety Sovereign Democratic Republic Provision for Emergency Provides single citizenship Provision for single integrated judiciary Federalism The constitution of India has a wonderful preamble. The preamble is an introduction to a Constitution. It proclaims the source, objectives and date of adoption of the constitution. The preamble of the Indian constitution reads as follows: WE, THE PEOPLE OF INDIA, having solemnly resolved to constitute India into a SOVEREIGN SOCIALIST SECULAR DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC and to secure to all its citizens: †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢JUSTICE†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, social, economic and political; †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢LIBERTY†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship; †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢EQUALITY†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ of status and of opportunity; And to promote among them all †Ã¢â‚¬â„¢FRATERNITY†Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ assuring the dignity of the individual and the unity and integrity of the Nation; IN OUR CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLY this twenty-sixth day of November, 1949, do HER EBY ADOPT, ENACT AND GIVE TO OURSELVES THIS CONSTITUTION. Demand for Fundamental Rights in India During the 19th century a demand for civil rights in India took deep root. The Indians were subjects and not citizens under British rule. Before 1947 India did not have national liberty, and the individual, therefore, could never imagine to have individual freedom with the complete set of guaranteed fundamental rights. As early in 1895, under the inspiration of Bal Gangadar Thilak, a swaraj bill was prepared and this thought in terms of a constitution guaranteeing fundamental rights. In 1928, the Nehru Report spoke of the need to have fundamental rights in the future constitution of India. In 1933, the Karachi session of the Indian National Congress adopted a resolution in favor of fundamental rights. But the British government did not accept the demand of the Indians to incorporate a list of fundamental rights in the constitutions introduced in India. Fundamental Rights: A Preface The F undamental Rights, embodied in Part III of the Constitution, guarantee civil rights to all Indians, and prevent the State from encroaching on individual liberty while simultaneously placing upon it an obligation to protect the citizens’ rights from encroachment by society. Seven fundamental rights were originally provided by the Constitution – right to equality, right to freedom, right against exploitation, right to freedom of religion, cultural and educational rights, right to property and right to constitutional remedies. However, the right to property was removed from Part III of the Constitution by the 44th Amendment in 1978.

Thornton Dial Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Thornton Dial - Essay Example In 1940 Thornton relocated to Bessemer, Alabama. In Alabama he was exposed to various forms of art and artworks that inspired to create his own pieces of art. After having been employed at the Pullman Company for close to 30 years, the factory was closed in 1981. This prompted Thornton to dedicate more of his time, creativity and thinking to developing and expressing his artistic capabilities. In 1987 he met Bill Arnett, a local but very influential art collector who helped Thornton and his works gain prominence (Thornton & Herman 59). According to Thornton & Herman (16), Thornton Dial’s work mainly focuses on pressing issues that can be found within the realm of American history and politics. These include racism, homelessness, war and bigotry. Using discarded items ranging from buckets to bones to ropes, he constructs assemblages on a large scale. He combines whatever materials he has found with paint and in the process creates an interesting interpretation of politics and history in the United States. Thornton has participated in many exhibitions and his works can be found in many well-known private and public collections. These include the Indianapolis Museum of Art; the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston; the High Museum of Art, the American Folk Art Museum, New York; The Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Washington D.C.; the Smithsonian American Art Museum, Washington D.C.; and the Philadelphia Museum of Art (Thornton & Herman